The Presence Of Operating Women s Crusades - 1471 Words

The presence of operating women s Crusades is an important factor in gaining rights for women. Within many countries there have been lively strives for women s rights during the 20th century to the present, even under the most tyrannical governments. The middle class movement has served as a rallying point in Latin America, as it was within the United States (Miller 159). Women have been challenging adversaries of dictatorial regimes, such as the dictatorship in Mexico and Argentina. As in other movements around the world, there are some tensions because women are often separated by social classes. With different needs, goals, orientation, women cannot always unite. In occasions of financial poverty, poor women s efforts are more likely to connect brothers and sisters of the same refinement than they are to join sisters within class lines. There are different orientations to fight for whereas the interests of class, race, and gender do intersect. Generally, one separation sees the fight for equality with men as meaning that centering on customary women s work like childcare and housework, will watch them into these gender roles. The other division begins by women fighting for benefits such as paid maternity leave, stipends, and Social Security, low-cost, or free daycare. The benefits women have one today are in both realms (GEIA). In the 20th century, 95% of young women know about contraception and at least 88% will be able to give birth in a hospital or clinic. ThisShow MoreRelated How the Rich Benefit from the Poor Essay5323 Words   |  22 Pagesthe pursuit of monetary accumulation. In Piven and Cloward’s Regulating the Poor, this point is illustrated: â€Å"Capitalism, however, relies primarily upon the mechanisms of a market-the promise of financial rewards or penalties-to motivate men and women to work and to hold them to their occupational tasks† (4). The increased motivation of important members of the workforce by the enticing tactics of greed for wealth is a result of strategic planning by the major shareholders of the firm. The costRead MoreCorporate Social Responsibility15903 Words   |  64 Pagessecure credit card transactions. Once a user decides to make a donation, he or she is taken to the payment service provider s site where the transaction takes place. Usually the provider establishes a fee structure with participating NPOs based on contributions received. Cross Promotions that promise a donation to a charitable cause based on the purchase of the company s product. Herein a certain percentage of the cost of purchase is diverted towards the cause. The idea being to take an issue thatRead MoreRp-Us Visiting Forces Agreement12890 Words   |  52 Pagesvisit to the United States in November of 2001 (Sarmiento,2001). 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Managing Personal Work Priorities And Professional...

BSBWOR501B Manage personal work priorities and professional development Assessment task 1 S70617 Rahim Ghulamani Review your job description and your organization’s business plans, business goals, policies and procedures. Organization Name RG AGED CARE FACILITIES For the last 3 decade, we have rendered the best services for Victoria’s aged care nation. Our aim is that all to ensure a secure and positive environment where all the members live a prosperous life along with maintaining their dignity in the society as well as in their family. Our aged care homes are located in the peaceful areas of Brunswick, Gladstone Park and Sunshine West to provide the residents with a positive environment. We ensure every other measure to provide our residents with highly trained nursing care staff. To overcome barriers of communication, we have staff able to communicate in multiple languages. Other activities are also offered to the residents every now and then in order to refresh their mind and positively impact their health. Procedure Mission Our aged care Mission to enhance, wellbeing, prosperity of people, Looking after for the families and groups †¢ Connect with individuals in need. †¢ Stand up for their decency and equality. †¢ Care with empathy, advancement and insight. Values We believe in equalities and the work we do is to spread the message of God. †¢ Giving respect to the individual person love and life. †¢ Motivate people to cope up with their daily life issues. ïÆ'ËœShow MoreRelatedManaging Personal Work And Priorities And Professional Development1523 Words   |  7 PagesManage personal work and priorities and professional development Name: Fahad Mustafa ID: s68472 diploma of accounting term 2 introduction In this project I would like to discuss Fahad Pizza Shop. 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Establish Personal Work Goals List Responsibilities of position: * Produce annual planning for the marketing and public relations activities of Gloria Jeans showing initiative in developing new marketsRead MoreAssessment Manage Personal Work Priorities And Professional Development BSBWOR501B3406 Words   |  14 PagesCode 03208D Level 4, 56-58 York Street, Sydney NSW 2000 Australia Tel: +61 2 92794949 Email: info@georgebrown.nsw.edu.au Web: www.georgebrown.nsw.edu.au Assessment Manage Personal Work Priorities and Professional Development BSBWOR501B Student Name Student ID Term Year Class Trainer Name Result NYC C I declare that all work completed in this assessment is my own. Student Signature Date Contents Assessment guidelines .......................................................................Read MoreTechnical And Design Package For Navy Technical Bureau ( Ntb ) As An Engineering Officer792 Words   |  4 PagesAchieve Results: Achieving results was a huge priority during my period with Navy technical Bureau (NTB) as an Engineering officer. My key achievements were effective use of organisational resources, organisation improvement activities, managing changes and deliver intended results. My personal role was to provide support in maintaining the technical integrity of the MWV by reviewing the technical and design packages (certification basis and certification plan). Deficiencies were identifiedRead MoreManaging Up : Managing Your Boss, Know Yourself, And Develop A Plan Of Action1600 Words   |  7 Pagesconcept of managing up, even in its most basic form, can be a complex task especially when many supervisors may be younger than those they manage. 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Human and Technology Free Essays

March 2013 Technopoly Neil Postman’s 1992 book, entitled Technopoly: The Surrender of Culture to Technology, is one that explores the fear of the growing realization that we have become a society dominated by technology. Although many people in todays day and age would say that technology and the large array of technological advances of the past decade or so, are both a friend and an enemy, in that they have both benefits and downfalls, Postman’s book arrives at the topic with a pessimistic view of what the dangers of technology is doing to our culture. Postman opens up his book with a story of the fictional character named Thamus. We will write a custom essay sample on Human and Technology or any similar topic only for you Order Now Retelling the story of Thamus is key in that it opens the door to the notion that we should fear large shifts in where we place our trust of language and it’s understanding. The story of Thamus describes the reluctance to evolve out of oral tradition into writing essay writer prank. The point Thamus makes is that writing will ultimately hinder people because it will no longer require them to exercise their memory, thus they’d become very forgetful with the things they learn. Technopoly does a great job of putting the reader in the position to stop thinking about all the â€Å"great† things that technology and its advances will do for us, and encourages us to take a look into what these technologies will undo for us as a nation. Telegraphy is a topic that is discussed in the book. Neil Postman’s believes that the telegraph changed communication forever. Prior to Samuel Morse’s 1843 invention, information could only travel from one place to another as fast as a train could travel. Which around the time of the invention of the telegraph was about 35 mph. This invention thus removed space as an inevitable constraint on the movement of information. Telegraphy also changed the communication from a process of understanding into solving a particular problem. Rather than seeing communication as a learning process needed to develop understanding, this quick and easily accessible â€Å"information† became context-free information, thus in a way making information a commodity. Telegraphy indefinitely drastically changed the history of communication by essentially instigating the next stage of the â€Å"information revolution†. In Postman’s book, Technopoly is this culture that has deified technology. Although telegraphy is believed to have been what started it, Postman looks at today’s culture and what it has become as a result of our infatuation with technology. It has progressed to the point that we have basically developed something that can think better than we can, and are now finding that individuals and society as a whole is indeed seeking out and finding purpose and direction from technology. We, as a nation, used to be controlled by religious and social traditions, but now the sad reality is that human life has been reduced to finding meaning in machines. So in attempting to answer the question of whether or not we are a society dominated by technology, Technopoly makes a pretty convincing argument that we in fact are. Looking at how technology has changed how we operate in areas like science, medicine, language, and education, is where we will be able to see the significant shift that has taken place in the past few decades. In regards to the medical industry, one example of the effects of technology has been the shift in trust from man to machine. Doctors actually trust blindly what machines and tests have to say about the well being of a patient. Granted there are hundreds of pros that come with these medical advances, but the cons are in fact doctors losing their bedside manner, or their weighing of the patients verbal complaints. Another negative effect technology has had on the medical industry is that dehumanization of the patients have become more and more prevalent. Problems are being fixed, rather than patients being cured. In regards to language and science, technology has also had society altering effects. Our language and how we communicate has become digitalized. No long are communities coming together for block parties, but rather they are all â€Å"friend requesting† their neighborhood’s Facebook Page. With science, or the industry side of our nation, humans are being replaced with more efficient machines. They cost less to operate and maintain and can be perhaps 1,000 times as productive in a 24 hour period than a human being could be. One last area, in which Technopoly discusses the negative effects that technology is responsible for, is the area of education in our nation. The book states that, â€Å"knowledge is not a fixed thing but a stage in human development, with a past and future. † (Postman 190) This idea then infers the question of, what should technology’s role be in education? Education how it was intended to be instills not only knowledge but also a sense of meaning and purpose in a child. Postman’s book then argues that computers, a key symbol in Technopoly, undermine this old idea of school. They do so by eliminating a dependency on an educational environment that values group learning, cooperation, and social responsibility. In conclusion, it would be foolish of us to denounce the reality that technology and its advances have brought a world of good into our way of life. Having been aware of this though, we need to also become aware of the fact that as much of a friend as technology has been and always will be to us, it can also be our worst enemy that very well might lead us into a future filled with ignorance. Works Cited Postman, Neil. Technopoly: The Surrender Of Culture To Technology. New York: Vintage, 1993. Print. How to cite Human and Technology, Papers

Role Of Managers In Shaping Organizational Outcome †Free Samples

Question: Discuss about the Role Of Managers In Shaping Organizational Outcome. Answer: Introduction: The role of an efficient manager is not only to control the entire process of business by implementing different effective strategies and policies. Organizations in order to get a positive outcome in terms of revenue as well as recognition tend to focus on the performance level of employees. Work becomes monotonous when the employees do not get any motivation and cooperation from the managers. Therefore, the managers have to play a major role in achieving the success of business. This very specific study has provided in-depth critical analysis on how agency theory and determinist theory leave a major impact in getting positive outcome from the organization. The study has focused to evaluate the impact of agency theory in enhancing business performances. As emphasized by Cummings and Worley (2014), every organization in order to run their business process in the market has to set a proper goal or target. It is undeniable that there is a difference between business goal and employers desire. At the same time, business principals and agency has to maintain a proper relationship for achieving the success. On the other hand, deterministic theory is defined by numerous eminent scholars in various ways in an argumentative way. Deterministic theory indicates that business experts should have the capability of determining the business goal. This particular concept has been highly criticized by many scholars. As per the point of view of those scholars a company while maintaining their business wings cannot determine their target or goal. They can fix an expected goal based on which employees are directed towards the services. This very specific study has focused to evaluate an in-depth overview about the contribution of various aspects of age ncy theory as well as deterministic theory for getting organizational outcome. Discussion: Agency theory leaves major impact in rendering satisfied revenue growth for the business organization. As per the point of view of Wong and Laschinger (2013), organizations have to face immense challenges in order to maintain a proper balance between goal and desires. In many cases it has been observed that companies fail to meet the business target parent companies have to face challenges in maintaining a good rapport with the agencies due to the lack of cultural barrier as well as psychological barriers. In order to get a positive business outcome the employers need to maintain proper organizational structure by directing the managers properly towards business goal. Principals should have a concern about the estimated target fixed by the agencies. In addition, the employers may provide required resource to the agencies so that the organization can reach the business target. Fleenor et al. (2014) stated that the organizational managers of every single agency should have individual d esired target so that they can direct the employees towards reaching the business goal. A particular business organization is constituted with employees of different cultural and psychological backgrounds. The role of managers is to provide equal co-operation and support to every single employee. Agency theory enables that business managers of every single agency have to maintain effective communication with the principal so that they do not have to face difficulties in meeting target. As per the concept of agency theory an individual agency or subordinate company has to think about the success of others. If a particular subordinate fails to perform well due to technological barrier or any other reason the other agencies have to spread their hands in showing a co-operative outlook and overachieving the business target. Hoon Song et al. (2012) stated that the principal does not have to face difficulties in overcoming the loss done by underperforming agency. Therefore, as per the theoretical concept of agency managers of every single organization have to perform well in order to meet an overall target of business. The primary goal of agency theory in maintaining corporate governance is to maintain effective relationship between principal and agents. Ford and Richardson (2013) stated that problem arises when the level of interest between the principal and agents differ at a certain point of view. For an example, the primary business objective of Inditex is to follow autocratic form of leadership style at the workplace so that the managers can change their organizational policies for overcoming any kind of sudden crisis. Uterque is the successful and leading agency under the governance of Inditex. As per the business policy of Uterque managers participative form of leadership style is the most effective strategy for getting good performances from the employees. However, as per the business concept of Uterque managers, the leaders should never impose their own decision on the employees. Nielsen and Randall (2013) stated that employees can get flexibility in sharing their point of view regarding the business goal. As a result, they can get enough inspiration in performing well for further progress. However, instead of working under Inditex the company like Uterque intends to follow different leadership style for the further progress of business. As a result, the internal relationship between the principal and agency is not very strong. This particular relationship has rendered a major negative impact on the overall business performances. The revenue growth of Inditex has been decreased due to the lack of effective performance of Uterque. This very specific study has focused to evaluate through agency theory that both the principals and agencies should maintain proper communication for meeting business target. Nielsen (2013) opined that managers are the most concerned persons who can maintain the work harmony of two different structural bodies. As per the strategies f ormed by principal the agency manager should maintain the work trend within organization. Different conspicuous scholars have provided various argumentative opinions regarding the concept of deterministic theories. As per the point of view of Donate and Pablo (2015) every organization has to determine the business goal and objective before staring the business. The responsibility of managers is to provide appropriate guidance and direction to the concerned employees so that they can meet the business target. As a result, the organization becomes successful in achieving the estimated target of business. This very specific concept has been interpreted by numerous eminent research scholars in different ways. As per the opinion of Jacobs et al. (2013), business experts can make strategies and policies in order to reach expected target. While running the wings in different geographical markets the employees as well as managers have to face innumerable difficulties both internally as well as externally. Therefore, the experts should not make any determination regarding achievin g the goal. Deterministic theories are constituted with different aspects as well as components that help the business managers to direct the employees for achieving business success. However this very specific part has focused to make an in-depth critical evaluation about the impact of different deterministic theories for rendering the success of business. Resource dependency theory enables the business managers on how to get positive business outcome by depending on the resources. Alegre and Chiva (2013) opined that managers would be able to perform well only when they would get sufficient resources for achieving the business target. Resources that are highly needed for controlling the entire process of business include human resource, technological resources, physical resources and financial resources. Human resources is one of the most significant factors based on which the success of business is highly dependent. Managers in order to meet a business target need well structured team who would be able to provide effective services amidst large number of barriers. Technological resource is highly needed that enables the organization to maintain chronological data record. Von Krogh, Nonaka and Rechsteiner (2012) stated that the managers in order to keep a constant control over the entire business process have to be accustomed with the advancement of technology. In addition, the managers have to know how to overcome sudden technological barriers so that the entire rhythm of business does not get affected. This very specific study has provided in-depth overview on how resource decency theory evaluates the importance of financial resources for achieving the peak of success. Krasnikov and Jayachandran (2013) opined that the managers in order to get business outcome should focus on the performance level of every individual. If an individual employee is not competent enough in performing well that individual employee should be provided training and development session. The role of an efficient business manager is to identify the employees who need training for performance enhancement and refer them to the concerned human resource department. However, in order to provide an effective training and development session the organization should have proper financial resources so that the employers can afford money for the purpose of training and development. However, after evaluating the different components of resource dependency theory it can be evaluated that resource plays an important role in motivating the managers for maintaining their performance level. This very specific concept is one of the major aspects of deterministic theory. In order to determine the business objective and goal the organization needs to have sufficient resources. As stated by Tangirala and Ramanujam (2012), the business managers of Iconic in past few years have faced innumerable challenges in maintaining their e-commerce supermarket chain due to the lack of sufficient technological equipment as well as efficiency. In comparison to the number of employees the organization like The Iconic did not invest sufficient number of advanced technology. As a result, customers service was getting affected day by day. Institutional theory implies that in order to gain the competitive advantage the business organizations need to focus on maintaining an effective internal structure. Along with maintaining the propermanagement hierarchy the organization has to focus on keeping up proper organizational behavior and culture. Managers need to make an effective communication with the employees. The managers need to make an effective interpersonal communication with every single employee in order to know their personal issues at the workplace. Hu et al. (2012) stated that in order to maintain the workplace flexibility the business managers need to focus on implementing flexible leadership style for communicating with the employees directly. Democratic form of leadership style enables the employees in following a proper leadership style with the help of which both the managers and employees can equally participate in making collective decision. Employees automatically tend to show their courageous attitude for performing well towards the business services. Therefore, using participative form of leadership style at the workplace is a form of business strategy with the help of which managers get best endeavors on behalf of the employees for reaching the business goal. After evaluating the various aspects of deterministic theories it can be concluded that managers should not determine business goal and objectives while running the business in market (Nielsen 2013). As per the changing needs and demands of the customers the business managers have to face immense difficulties for fulfilling the customers desire. Institutional theory is one of the most effective ways of encouraging both the managers as well as employees for providing effective services. Rycroft-Malone et al. (2014) opined that employees would like to perform well after getting motivational approaches from the managers as well as business leaders by implementing deterministic theories. Conclusion: The overall study has focused to make an in-depth overview about the role of managers in shaping organizational outcome. Different forms of theoretical concepts have been discussed in this very specific study by highlighting the contribution of managers. Numerous eminent scholars have provided their own opinion regarding the importance of deterministic theories as well as agency theory for enhancing the performance level of managers has been critically evaluated in this specific study. After making an in-depth critical analysis it can be concluded that initiation of the strategic choice theory will help the organization to have more choices to select from. On one hand, agency theory enables the managers for making a relationship between principals and agency. On the other hand, the organization tends to follow deterministic theory for setting a proper business goal and objective. References: Alegre, J. and Chiva, R., 2013. Linking entrepreneurial orientation and firm performance: the role of organizational learning capability and innovation performance.Journal of Small Business Management,51(4), pp.491-507. Cummings, T.G. and Worley, C.G., 2014.Organization development and change. Cengage learning. Donate, M.J. and Pablo, J.D.S., 2015. The role of knowledge-oriented leadership in knowledgemanagement practices and innovation.Journal of Business Research,68(2), pp.360-370. Fleenor, J.W., Atwater, L.E., Sturm, R.E. and McKee, R.A., 2014. Advances in leader and leadership development: A review of 25years of research and theory.The Leadership Quarterly,25(1), pp.63-82. Ford, R.C. and Richardson, W.D., 2013. Ethical decision making: A review of the empirical literature. InCitation classics from the Journal of Business Ethics(pp. 19-44). Springer Netherlands. Hoon Song, J., Kolb, J.A., Hee Lee, U. and Kyoung Kim, H., 2012. Role of transformational leadership in effective organizational knowledge creation practices: Mediating effects of employees' work engagement.Human Resource Development Quarterly,23(1), pp.65-101. Hu, Q., Dinev, T., Hart, P. and Cooke, D., 2012. Managing employee compliance with information security policies: The critical role of topmanagement and organizational culture.Decision Sciences,43(4), pp.615-660. Jacobs, R., Mannion, R., Davies, H.T., Harrison, S., Konteh, F. and Walshe, K., 2013. The relationship between organizational culture and performance in acute hospitals.Social science medicine,76, pp.115-125. Krasnikov, A. and Jayachandran, S., 2013, May. The relative impact of marketing, research-and-development, and operations capabilities on firm performance. American Marketing Association. Nielsen, K. and Randall, R., 2013. Opening the black box: Presenting a model for evaluating organizational-level interventions.European Journal of Work and Organizational Psychology,22(5), pp.601-617. Nielsen, K., 2013. How can we make organizational interventions work? Employees and line managers as actively crafting interventions.Human Relations,66(8), pp.1029-1050. Rycroft-Malone, J., Seers, K., Chandler, J., Hawkes, C.A., Crichton, N., Allen, C., Bullock, I. and Strunin, L., 2013. The role of evidence, context, and facilitation in an implementation trial: implications for the development of the PARIHS framework.Implementation Science,8(1), p.28. Al Ariss, A., Cascio, W.F. and Paauwe, J., 2014. Talent management: Current theories and future research directions.Journal of World Business,49(2), pp.173-179. Tangirala, S. and Ramanujam, R., 2012. Ask and you shall hear (but not always): Examining the relationship between manager consultation and employee voice.Personnel Psychology,65(2), pp.251-282. Von Krogh, G., Nonaka, I. and Rechsteiner, L., 2012. Leadership in organizational knowledge creation: A review and framework.Journal of Management Studies,49(1), pp.240-277. Wong, C.A. and Laschinger, H.K., 2013. Authentic leadership, performance, and job satisfaction: the mediating role of empowerment.Journal of advanced nursing,69(4), pp.947-959.

KiD CuDi, a Genre-Defying Artist Research Paper Example

KiD CuDi, a Genre-Defying Artist Paper Ghost Scott Ramon Seguro Mescudi, known better as KID CuDi, is considered a genre-defying artist. KID CuDis music classifies as hip-hop and rock, which seem to be opposites, but he effortlessly combines the two as if they were meant to be. CuDi released his most recent album on April 16, 2013 titled Indicud. Mad Solar was one of the more emotional and personal songs CuDi featured in his latest breathtaking albums. The song has an eerie feeling to it, but nevertheless, CuDi exonerates his feelings and inner thoughts into it. KID CuDi does not hesitate to open up the song powerful, stating that he is secluded and he questions if we really know one another. CuDi goes further into the first verse by stating that he knows that he is different and that no one understands him, but he is okay with being alone. Life and the people around others ultimately do affect their life, whether they are good or bad company. CuDi has been through bad times with recently dropping from G. O. O. D Music, drug abuse and withdrawal, child custody battles over his daughter, and even betrayal from who he thought were his riends. We will write a custom essay sample on KiD CuDi, a Genre-Defying Artist specifically for you for only $16.38 $13.9/page Order now We will write a custom essay sample on KiD CuDi, a Genre-Defying Artist specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer We will write a custom essay sample on KiD CuDi, a Genre-Defying Artist specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer Those difficult times that made him question his life and pushed him towards loneliness, resulted in CuDi being cold blooded. Through all the hard times, music was an outlet to him. CuDi has changed because of the trials he has faced, and he has lost fans because of this change. If the public sees him a certain way, then that is perfectly fine to him because in the end he is doing well in his career. Fuck em is an expression used to show that the publics comments are disregarded in his mind because it is his life, not theirs. The hook is where KID CuDi is reaching out to those people who think he is and telling them that their opinion does not affect himself as a person. CuDi has always been known for being fascinated with outer space; his references with space symbolize being high, his inner thoughts, the loneliness and darkness that comes along with his life. The term Mad solar refers to a transition that he is making in his life and music career. Reaching a new step, he is satisfied with the altercations he has made to his life. Tying into the word solar, his life is brighter and more positive. CuDi wants the world to see his Juristic change, though their opinion is not relative, he wants to prove people wrong. The doubts that everyone has thrown at him make CuDi a more diligent artist; saying he is crazy and has changed ultimately fuels his fire to become back superior. KID CuDi gets into the heart of the song with the second verse. Through out the song, CuDi explained what he has been through but people continue to call him crazy though ne is living his lite the way ne wants to. He continues to say that his heart has been swollen, its been healin slow because he is still recovering from a break up with his girlfriend, CuDi does not want to age with out someone being there with him. This also refers to the ongoing custody battles for his daughter; he does not want to alone live at home with out her. Looking back on his life, there were moments that he realized some of who he thought were his friends, Just so happened to be skeptics. CuDi reflects on his life and what goes on through his head, trying to reach eep down and see if he truly knows himself. There were many dishonest people in CuDis life that were never really there for him, but claimed to know him. Years went on, being deceived by backstabbers whom he thought were close to him. Those people made him question who he really is and misjudge his future because they blinded him. He goes to say that there is not any room for people who take space up in his life anymore, if you are not really there for him then do not attempt to make a place in his life.

Writing a Good Biology Research Paper

Writing a Good Biology Research Paper Biology research papers can be very challenging for many students. Biology is such a broad field and the range of topics for research papers is vast. Biology research papers are not the hardest scientific papers to write but they do take time. There are many sources available for your biology research papers. Actual sources are needed because you cannot use your thoughts or feelings in your biology research paper. You need to answer a scientific question or hypothesis supported by material found from texts, experiments, and journals. Essentially a biology research paper would be based on some form of plant or animal life. A more basic biology research paper would discuss some basic concepts found in science. Questions can be answered on mitosis, meiosis, explain experiments you conducted in class, investigate the differences between sexual and asexual reproduction, investigate cell division, describe single cell life forms and how they evolved into multiple cell life forms, discuss Darwin and the evolution theory. There are many topics. It is a matter of finding one that interests you. Supporting material can come from books, textbooks, scientific journals, class notes, experiments conducted even some online sources. Illustrations and graphics can also help to present information that is difficult to explain in words. Many people respond better to pictures as means of illustration. Graphs and graphics can help cement a point to your audience. Assigned to write a research paper? Here is a great  guide to the research paper writing: How to Write a Research Paper It is important that you understand the assignment given before you choose your biology research paper topic. There are often specific guidelines and questions that must be answered completely independent of the chosen topic. Plan your biology research paper, make sure the structure is correct and that you have access to the appropriate amount of supporting material. The most important rule, try not to procrastinate! A biology research paper that is written at the last minute does not have the content or supporting materials to be rewarded with a good mark. Biology research papers take some time so don’t leave it to the last minute. Contact our support team if you have questions or need assistance in writing your research paper in biology or place an order.

Economic Policy of China Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words

Economic Policy of China - Essay Example The two way trade in China has grown faster than it's GDP for the last quarter of the century. (Ken Davies, 2000) After 1979 the Central - Local Relationship was made flexible: This initiated a loose and decentralized management controls over policy making, resource allocation, production issues (Ravi, 2005). The authority of local government people as well as plant supervisors in the industries were increased through the increment in the autonomy of public enterprises. This encouraged the private sector in the services as well as the light manufacturing industry. Foreign trade and investment was increased through a diversification in the banking systems, development of stock markets, and encouragement of the private enterprises (Baizhu & Feng, 2000). An example of localism is that the central government is subjected to severe budget deficits while revenue generation of local is increasing. The budget stood around -7.0% of GDP in 2006. There has been a trend of changing role of institutions. Structural downsizing of State organs, streamlining departments, and creating institutions like the 'the National Development Planning Commission', 'The State Economic and Trade Commission' and 'Ministry of Commerce' to manage the macroeconomic competitiveness that China is striving to achieve. According to the purchasing parity as it accounted for 12 per cent of global GDP. Ever since the 1980s the real income has grown approximately 400 per cent per head, and the export import has increased 11 to 13 per cent per year. The manufactured goods constitute 90 per cent of the total exports while the ratio of trade-in-goods to GDP today is around 50 per cent. (Sally, 2004) Today not only are the Chinese commodities exported to the world a large amount of foreign commodities pouring into China. During the period 1990 to 2001, the world's exports were growing at the rate of 6.3% while in China the exports experienced at 14.9% growth. The import growth rate was 6.5% on average while China had 15.5%. The Chinese products not only prove to be cheap and efficient but also the foreign companies become price competitive by producing in China. (People's Daily Online, 2003) China's trade liberalism is directly linked to the open investment policies. In 2002 the Foreign Direct Investment was $450 million from $90 million in 1990. It represented 36% GDP of China whereas 6% of the world's total. Most of the FDI stock comes from the manufacturing sector which constitutes about 7% of the world's overall manufacturing. (Sally, 2004) Despite all the good things about the openness of trade there have been some major macro economic issues that the country is currently facing today. The first is the external debt issue. In 2005 the three main indicators of external debt were way below the internationally accepted line; this is an alarming situation for a country like China. The external debt as compared to the GDP was 12.63%. Another issue is the public debt. China's public debt was 22.1% of total GDP (2006). In 2005 Standard and Poor's revised China's credit ratings saying that China had come out of the instability and made progressive reforms and successfully implemented them. The rating increased to A- from BBB+ for levels above the 'non-investment' status that shows S and P's has a more positive of China. Moody's Investors Service has rated China favorably five notches above the non investment status.

Private healthcare vs public healthcare in the US Essay

Private healthcare vs public healthcare in the US - Essay Example Why Universal Healthcare Vouchers Is the Next Big Idea talks about the benefits of private healthcare over public and expresses the opinion that in the nearest future there will be no public health services at all. How will it work He explains: "Every household in America will receive a voucher entitling its members to enroll in a private health plan of their choice. All plans will be required by law to guarantee the basic features of what most Americans now receive from their insurers: doctors' visits, hospitalization, pharmaceuticals, and catastrophic coverage" (Emanuel 2005) Healthcare costs are rising dramatically and as the result the employers have to reduce the benefits offered to their employees because the healthcare expenses are too high. "By 2008, the country will spend more insuring retirees than on defense. By 2020, Medicare will gobble up 5 percent of the GDP" (Emanuel 2005). The private healthcare is not perfect as well. And it should be reformed in the future. Emmanuel is confident that the new system will be much better for several reasons: "First, it should cover every American, no exceptions. Second, it should pay for covering those who are currently uninsured by cutting waste, not by increasing the total amount our country spends on health care. Third, it should hold down the rate of increase of future health-care costs. Fourth, it should give Americans more choice of health plans, not less. Fifth, it should make our economy more productive, not less. Sixth, it should reduce, not expand, government bureaucracy" (2005). Private delivery system, Emmanuel continues, should not be changed and health insurance companies would continue to "contract with physicians, hospitals, rehabilitation facilities, pharmacies and other providers for services to the individuals who enroll in their plans" (2005). Public healthcare is much cheaper for consumers but the government will not be able to handle all payment, especially taking into account the aging baby boomers generation. Mintz does not support the claim that private healthcare provides less and less quality at the higher and higher costs. His opinion on the issue is similar to Emmanuel's and he as well has outlined the system that can make private healthcare more effective and calm down the supporters of public healthcare - "Publicly financed but privately run healthcare for all--including free choice of physicians--would cost employers far less in taxes than their costs for insurance. Universal coverage could also work magic in less obvious ways" (Mintz 20 04). Under the current public healthcare system the healthcare coverage decreases dramatically - fewer people are able to receive the service when they need it. The answer to the problem is more obvious that it might appear - the creation of the universal private healthcare. In the year 2001 the healthcare expenses have "accounted for 13.9 percent of US gross domestic product. (It constituted a much smaller share of GDP in countries with universal healthcare, such as Sweden, 8.7 percent; France, 9.5 percent; and Canada, 9.7 percent.)" (Mintz 2004). The healthcare is becoming to expenses for the employers who are forced to cover the healthcare costs of their employees. Therefore, general managers are losing the competitive advantage to foreign companies in the countries where the universal coverage is introduced. People "do not trust the government with healthcare"

The Adventures of Tom Sawyer Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

The Adventures of Tom Sawyer - Essay Example Although Twain’s story is largely focused on the world from the perspective of little boys, he also gives the reader various insights into the adult world which runs parallel to it. The theme of superstition and religion may be seen throughout the narrative. Tom’s religious opinions and superstitions are compatible with each other and reflect adult society’s religious hypocrisy. Tom’s religious beliefs are very superficial. He names â€Å"David and Goliath† as two disciples (Twain, Ch.IV).   As it is compulsory to memorize five verses, Tom â€Å"chose part of the Sermon on the Mount, because he could find no verses that were shorter† (IV).   Sunday school is â€Å"a place that Tom hated with his whole heart (IV). Tom compares the boring church unfavorably with a circus, stating that â€Å"Church ain't shucks to a circus. There's things going on at a circus all the time† (VII). It is not his love of Scripture, but his love of glory , and his need to show-off in front of Bessie Thatcher, which leads him to barter his little knick-knacks for the colored tickets which earn him the prize of a Bible. Tom’s religious beliefs are compatible with superstitions. ... dead spirits, the only prayer Tom can manage is the bedtime â€Å"Now I lay me down to sleep.† When Injun Joe falsely accuse Muff Potter of murdering Dr. Robinson, Tom expects â€Å"God's lightening upon [Injun Joe's] head† as punishment† (XI). Tom and his friends say their prayers before sleeping on the pirate jaunt only because they fear â€Å"lest they might call down a sudden and special thunderbolt from heaven† (XIII). Tom’s religious beliefs are very alike superstitions. Tom’s life is filled with superstitions, which often dictate the course of his actions. An effective cure for warts ranges from â€Å"spunk-water† and charms, to split beans and blood. Of course, the efficacy of dead cats is the superstition which leads to the biggest of Tom’s adventures. Tom uses incantations to look for lost marbles. When the stairs creak at night, it is evidence that â€Å"spirits were abroad† (IX). An oath is to be sworn in blood for it to be binding. A dog howling is a sign of approaching death. Buried treasure is to be found under a tree when â€Å"the shadow of the limb falls at midnight, a guarded by a dead man† (XXV). Witches have no power in the daytime and Fridays are unlucky days. Here again, the boys meld religion and superstition. Old Mother Hopkins bewitches people by â€Å"saying the Lord's Prayer backards† (VI). The holiness of the Sabbath ensures that â€Å"Devils don't slosh around much of a Sunday, I don't reckon† (VI). Finally, it is clear that Tom’s superstitions serve the main purpose of making life more interesting and banishing the boredom of daily routine. When Huck tires of life with the Widow Douglas, Tom prevents him from running away by promising adventures as part of his gang of â€Å"respectable† robbers. It is the anticipation of an initiation

Sport Psychology Case Study

Sport Psychology Case Study DOING SPORT PSYCHOLOGY1 INTRODUCTION Performing optimally on any level is daunting, but when your next paycheque depends on your performance, it adds a whole new dimension to the stress and challenges faced. By adopting more effective ways and tools to deal with these obstacles, these athletes are able to overcome these challenges and perform at their best. SECTION A – Initial contact with athlete At the beginning of January I walked into the Dojo, ready to start a new year of training, and saw a new face, sweating it out in the cage. Roeloff â€Å"the Wolf† Scheepers, Professional EFC Fighter, had joined our Dojo. Roeloff is 28 years old and has been training in various forms of Martial Arts since he was in primary school. Roeloff relocated to Mossel Bay in December 2013 from Rustenburg, where he trained with Teammendes for about four years. After school he joined the South African Air Force and served in Iraq with the United States Marine Corp from 2005 to 2006. A few years ago he lost his job and had to take on professional fights in order to try make a living. Our Dojo has a lot of students and many different classes running simultaneously, and with him training for EFC 30, and me training and instructing it was quite a while before I had a chance to strike up a conversation with him. I had heard via the grapevine that he had suffered a bad loss last year due to injury, so I used this to strike up a conversation with him one night while he was taking a break. We became fast friends, and often discuss the ups and downs and challenges of fighting professionally. Roeloff had a very hectic training schedule so he was at the Dojo at least 6 days a week, morning and night. I instruct on a Monday and Wednesday, and train Mondays to Thursdays, so I was able to chat to him at least 4 days a week. Our interactions and conversations were very casual, usually before, during and after training. As we trained under the same instructor and in the same Dojo I had plenty of opportunities to observe him training. I was also privileged enough to go to Cape Town to watch him fight at EFC 30 in June. I found Roeloff very open and eager to chat to me about his training and challenges. He is always looking for ways to learn more and improve on his existing techniques and training and was eager to hear if I had any advice for him. One of the biggest challenges faced by professional MMA fighters is the mental aspect of the training. The physical side of fight preparation is brutal, and if you are not mentally strong, the training can easily get the better of you. When training for a fight, cutting weight, incessant sparring, rolling, weight training and cross-fit training can really work a number on you mentally and physically. Roeloff maintains that if you are not mentally prepared and strong enough you will not make it. One of his biggest challenges was the weight cut. Professional fighters get paid per fight, R5000 for a loss and R10000 for a win. If at the weigh in, a fighter does not make weight, his opponent has the choice of whether to fight him or not. If the opponent chooses to continue with the fight, the fighter that did not make weight has to pay his opponent 75% of his fight purse, win or lose. Because of this, some fighters go to extreme measures to cut their weight, and there is such a fine balance between healthy methods that enhance energy and performance, and unhealthy methods that can totally sabotage the fighter. It is also very tough being on such a strict diet while your friends can eat as they please. It takes a huge amount of self-control and discipline to stick to the eating plan, and sometimes Roeloff lacks this self-control when he is not being monitored closely. He also has the tendency to get despondent when he feels he is not performing up to standard. He sets high standa rds for himself, and he trains and fights for his Dojo†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦his instructor and fellow students†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦.and he does not want to disappoint us. So he puts a lot of pressure on himself. I really enjoyed this stage of the process. Getting to know Roeloff and observing him was very interesting, and I have made another good friend as a result of it. It was very informative and a great learning curve, and allowed me to look at fighting from a different perspective. SECTION B – Literature review I did a search through various literature on enhancing performance by setting goals in order to give Roeloff some advice. Most of the studies that have been done over the years regarding goal setting and performance have been in the industrial context. It is only in the last 20 years or so that studies have been done on the relationship between goal setting and performance in sports and these studies have shown a positive correlation between goal setting and performance in sports. Goal setting is important otherwise the athlete will not know what he is working towards. This can be demotivating in itself. Goal setting theory is based on what Aristotle called â€Å"final causality† (Locke, E.A., 1996). According to Locke (1996) there are internal and external aspects to goals. Internally they are ideas, while externally they refer to the object or condition sought, therefore the idea guides the action to attain the object. In a study conducted with 5 rugby players, Hanton et al (2006) found that goal setting was effective in improving the rugby player’s performance. Smith Ward (2006) found that after Football players had set goals they performed better than they did during their baseline testing. In a study conducted by Weinberg, Bruya, Longino and Jackson (1988) they found that the group of athletes that were given specific goals performed better than the group that was told to â€Å"do their best†. Specific goals facilitate behaviour change more effectively than general non-specific, â€Å"do your best† goals do. By setting specific explicit goals, the athlete knows exactly what is expected of them and what they want to achieve. This is what I believe Roeloff needs in order to deal more effectively with the challenge of trying to cut weight. Goals should also be difficult but not unrealistic. Often for a professional fighter, the amount of weight they have to lose may seem to be impossible. Due to this impossible amount of weight to be cut, the fighter might even start believing it is impossible even before he starts his eating program, causing him to lose motivation before he even starts. This is counterproductive for any athlete trying to achieve a particular goal. It is argued by Locke (1990) that if goals are to difficult and result in failure, the athlete will lose motivation which in turn will lead to a decrease in performance, therefore goals need to be attainable and not too difficult. SECTION C – Intervention After I had gotten to know Roeloff a bit better, I spoke to him about my assignment and studies, and that I would like to observe him and could maybe offer some advice for him to try out. He was very eager for any feedback that could help him in any way. He also feels that I would maybe see things from a different perspective than him or our instructor that could be helpful. As we both spent a lot of time at the Dojo I got plenty of opportunity to observe him while training. We often socialise outside the Dojo, so I got to know him on a personal level. I often found that just by watching and listening, I gleaned a lot of information about how he thinks and feels, and what challenges he faces. One of his biggest issues is rigidly sticking to the eating plan set up by his nutritionist for his required weight cut. Cutting weight is a long hard process that can go on for months. It is easy to lose sight of the reason for the diet, so I suggested to Roeloff that maybe he should focus on his goals and goal setting. According to Locke and Latham (2002), a goal is â€Å"an objective or aim of action defined as attaining a specific standard of proficiency on a task, usually within a specified time limit†. McClements (1982) has made a distinction between different types of goals, namely subjective, general objective and specific goals. Evidence suggests that certain types of goals are more useful in changing behaviour than other types of goals. Studies have also shown that explicit goals are more effective than general ‘do your best’ goals. Roeloff’s subjective goal is to do his best, his general objective goal win his fight and his specific goal was to make a specific weight by a specific date and to win with a knock out. Roeloff’s fight preparation started in earnest about 6-8 months before his scheduled fight. This is a long time to stay focused on your main goal. I suggested to Roeloff that maybe he can set himself smaller, specific, explicit goals that will lead to his main goals. Some sports psychologists (Bell, 1983; Carron, 1984; Gould, 1983; Harris Harris, 1984; O’Block Evans, 1984) emphasise that setting more immediate short-range goals is important. In their meta-analysis Kyllo Landers (1995) showed the superiority of combining short- and long-term goals. Recent research has also revealed that both short- and long-range goals are needed to maintain motivation and performance (Weinberg, Butt Knight, 2001) By setting short-range goals, Roeloff will be able to see immediate improvement and this should enhance his motivation. By setting smaller weight cutting milestones, he will be able to see what he has done so far, and that he has achieved his short-range goal, and motivate him to make the next milestone or goal, and not lose sight of his main goal, making weight at the EFC weight in. My interactions with Roeloff have always been in the form of casual conversations. On one particular Wednesday Roeloff and I had just finished instructing the juniors and were discussing the class when we got on the topic of his upcoming fight. I mentioned that I had been thinking about his biggest obstacle and suggested to him that he set himself smaller goals, which in turn will help him achieve his main goal. Roeloff was very responsive to my suggestions and was eager to try it out. I found it was easy to approach Roeloff with my observations and ideas and he is always open to someone else’s ideas and views. SECTION D – Feedback A few months after giving Roeloff my suggestions he came to me one night and said that he had done a little research of his own about my suggestions. He decided to give it a shot and see what happens. After all, he had nothing to lose. He set himself smaller goals that would ultimately tie in and lead to his long term goal, and while keeping his eye on the main goal, focused mostly on his short-range goals. He found that it worked well for him. He found it easier to stay more focused, and managed to resist more temptation in the process, and sticking to his eating plan more strictly. By doing this, his weight loss was better, and he felt more motivated, and gained a little more self-confidence in his ability to achieve his goals. By being able to stick to his short-range goals, he felt far more positive about achieving his long-range goal. Roeloff said that this is something he will be implementing on a regular basis. It helps him define his goals better and have a clearer picture of what he needs to do in order to achieve what he sets out to do. SECTION E – Overall reflection I have really enjoyed this project and the subject as a whole. I feel that I am very blessed in the fact that I train at Tiger Kai. My head instructor is friends with many professional fighters as well as some of the top trainers in the country, and this has given me the opportunity to get to know so many fine athletes. And I was very blessed to have Roeloff relocate to Tiger Kai and allow me to use him for my project. It was a great experience getting to work with a professional fighter on such a close level, and being given access behind the scenes of an event like EFC and the inner workings of a fighters fight camp. It has been an amazing learning experience and has deepened my interest in Sports Psychology. I have had no illusions about the mental and physical aspects of being a fighter (as I have done martial arts myself for 13 years now), but I now I have a deeper understanding of some of the aspects that are not quite so visible to others around the fighter, and how these can also affect a fighters performance. CONCLUSION There are many factors, both mental and physical, that affect the performance of athletes. An athlete faces many challenges, both physically and mentally, which need to be overcome in order to achieve their goal, which is to be the best at their chosen sport. Sometimes, these challenges may seem insurmountable to some athletes, but with the right type of assistance, these challenges and obstacles can be overcome. REFERENCES Locke, E.A. Latham, G.P. (1990). A theory of Goal Setting and Task Performance. Englewood Cliffs, N.J: Prentice-Hall Hanton, S., Melleliu, S.D. O’Brien, M. (2006). The effects of goal setting on rugby performance: Journal of Applied Behaviour Analysis, 39, 257-261. Smith, S.L. Ward, P. (2006). Behavioural interventions to improve performance in collegiate football. Journal of Applied Behaviour Analysis. 39, 385-391. Weinberg, R.S. (2003). Goal setting in Sport and Exercise: Results, Methodological issues and further directions for Research. Weinberg, R., Bruya, L., Longine. J. Jackson, A. (1988). Effect of Goal proaximity and specificity on endurance performance of primary-grade children. Journal of Sport and Exercise Psychology, 10, 81-91 Williams, J.M. (Ed.). (2009). Applied Sport Psychology: Personal growth to peak performance (6th ed.). New York: McGraw Hill.

Dantes Divine Comedy - Eighth Circle of Hell in Canto XXVIII :: Divine Comedy Inferno Essays

Eighth Circle of Hell in Canto XXVIII Who, even with untrammeled words and many attempts at telling, ever could recount in full the blood and wounds that I now saw? Dante begins the opening of Canto XXVIII with a rhetorical question. Virgil and he have just arrived in the Ninth Abyss of the Eighth Circle of hell. In this pouch the Sowers of Discord and Schism are continually wounded by a demon with a sword. Dante poses a question to the reader: Who, even with untrammeled words and many attempts at telling, ever could recount in full the blood and wounds that I now saw? (Lines 1-3) The rhetorical question draws the reader into the passage because we know by this point in the Divine Comedy that Dante is a great poet. What is it that Dante sees before him on the brink of the Ninth Abyss that is so ineffable that he, as a poet, feels he cannot handle? In the following lines Dante expands on this rhetorical position. He elaborates on why it is important for any man to offer a good description of what he sees. No poet can ach ieve this description: â€Å"Each tongue that tried would certainly fall short...† (L. 4) It is not just poetic talent that is at stake; poets do not have the background to give them the poetic power for such description. His reasoning is "the shallowness of both our speech and intellect cannot contain so much." (Lines 5-6) Once again the reader is intrigued; how could a man of Dante's stature criticize language which is the very tool he uses to create the epic work of La Commedia ? If we cannot take Dante seriously with these opening statements, we must pose the question of what Dante is trying to do by teasing us with this artificial beginning to Canto XVIII? Dante will now contradict himself and try to describe what he says is impossible. But, if he were to go right into a description of the Ninth Abyss, it would deflate his rhetorical position. Instead, Dante first sets up a quite lengthy comparison of the sights he has just witnessed with examples of bloodshed throughout human history. Were you to reassemble all the men who once, within Apulia1's fateful land, had mourned their blood, shed at the Trojans' hands, as well as those who fell Dante's Divine Comedy - Eighth Circle of Hell in Canto XXVIII :: Divine Comedy Inferno Essays Eighth Circle of Hell in Canto XXVIII Who, even with untrammeled words and many attempts at telling, ever could recount in full the blood and wounds that I now saw? Dante begins the opening of Canto XXVIII with a rhetorical question. Virgil and he have just arrived in the Ninth Abyss of the Eighth Circle of hell. In this pouch the Sowers of Discord and Schism are continually wounded by a demon with a sword. Dante poses a question to the reader: Who, even with untrammeled words and many attempts at telling, ever could recount in full the blood and wounds that I now saw? (Lines 1-3) The rhetorical question draws the reader into the passage because we know by this point in the Divine Comedy that Dante is a great poet. What is it that Dante sees before him on the brink of the Ninth Abyss that is so ineffable that he, as a poet, feels he cannot handle? In the following lines Dante expands on this rhetorical position. He elaborates on why it is important for any man to offer a good description of what he sees. No poet can ach ieve this description: â€Å"Each tongue that tried would certainly fall short...† (L. 4) It is not just poetic talent that is at stake; poets do not have the background to give them the poetic power for such description. His reasoning is "the shallowness of both our speech and intellect cannot contain so much." (Lines 5-6) Once again the reader is intrigued; how could a man of Dante's stature criticize language which is the very tool he uses to create the epic work of La Commedia ? If we cannot take Dante seriously with these opening statements, we must pose the question of what Dante is trying to do by teasing us with this artificial beginning to Canto XVIII? Dante will now contradict himself and try to describe what he says is impossible. But, if he were to go right into a description of the Ninth Abyss, it would deflate his rhetorical position. Instead, Dante first sets up a quite lengthy comparison of the sights he has just witnessed with examples of bloodshed throughout human history. Were you to reassemble all the men who once, within Apulia1's fateful land, had mourned their blood, shed at the Trojans' hands, as well as those who fell